If you need a quick memory trick to keep these regions straight, remember that for the side columns, the names are the same from top to bottom: Hypochondriac, then Lumbar, and then Iliac HLI. Ready to test your knowledge? Take our free and quick! Also, you might want to watch more of our anatomy and physiology lectures on YouTube, or check our anatomy and physiology notes.
Disclosure and Privacy Policy This website provides entertainment value only, not medical advice or nursing protocols. There are three anatomical regions in the midline of the abdomen. These include the epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric e. Each bilateral anatomical region has an associated right and left side. Adjacent to the epigastric region are the right and left hypochondriac regions; adjacent to the umbilical region are the right and left lumbar regions.
On either side of the hypogastric region are the right and left iliac regions, which can also be referred to as the right and left inguinal regions. The abdomen can also be divided into four quadrants, known as the right upper, the left upper, the right lower, and the left lower quadrants.
Figure 2. The four quadrants of the abdomen include the right upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, left upper quadrant, and left lower quadrant. The four quadrants of the abdominal wall are used for general clinical descriptions. The quadrants are defined by the transumbilical and medial planes. The transumbilical or horizontal plane passes through the umbilicus at the L4 level, and the vertical medial plane divides the body into the right and left halves.
Figure 3. The abdomen is divided into four quadrants by the medial and transumbilical planes. It is important to know the anatomical regions and quadrants of the abdomen to correlate the pain to the organs contained in each area.
For example, pain within the epigastric region should guide you to think about the stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, and adrenal glands. Pain in the suprapubic e. Figure 4. The epigastric region of the abdomen contains the stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, and adrenal glands. Key Points The abdominopelvic cavity can be subdivided into four quadrants and nine areas. The quadrants are labeled by location: the right upper, right lower, left upper, and left lower quadrants.
The nine regions are smaller than the four abdominopelvic quadrants and include the right hypochondriac, right lumbar, right illiac, epigastric, umbilical, hypogastric or pubic , left hypochondriac, left lumbar, and left illiac divisions. The perineum is sometimes considered to be the tenth division.
The purpose of the abdominal divisions is to describe regional anatomy in the abdomen, and to help clinicians determine which organ and tissues are involved in a disease based on which regions experience pain. Key Terms left upper quadrant : The left upper quadrant is the location of the left portion of the liver, the larger portion of the stomach, the pancreas, left kidney, spleen, portions of the transverse and descending colon, and parts of the small intestine.
Right upper quadrant : The right upper quadrant contains the right portion of the liver, gallbladder, right kidney, a small portion of the stomach, portions of the ascending and transverse colon, and parts of the small intestine. Abdominal Four Quadrants The abdominopelvic region can be divided into four quadrants. Right Upper Quadrant The right upper quadrant contains the right portion of the liver, the gallbladder, right kidney, a small portion of the stomach, the duodenum, the head of the pancreas, portions of the ascending and transverse colon, and parts of small intestine.
Left Upper Quadrant The left upper quadrant is the location of the left portion of the liver, part of the stomach, the pancreas, left kidney, spleen, portions of the transverse and descending colon, and parts of the small intestine.
Right Lower Quadrant In the right lower quadrant sits the cecum, appendix, part of the small intestines, the right half of the female reproductive system, and the right ureter. Left Lower Quadrant The left lower quadrant houses the majority of the small intestine, some of the large intestine, the left half of the female reproductive system, and the left ureter.
Abdominal Nine Divisions The nine divisions of the abdominopelvic region are smaller than the four quadrants, allowing for a more detailed discussion. Right Hypochondriac The right hypochondriac region contains the right portion of the liver, the gallbladder, the right kidney, and parts of the small intestine.
Left Hypochondriac The left hypochondriac region contains part of the spleen, the left kidney, part of the stomach, the pancreas, and parts of the colon. Epigastric The epigastric above stomach region contains the majority of the stomach, part of the liver, part of the pancreas, part of the duodenum, part of the spleen, and the adrenal glands.
Right Lumbar The right lumbar region consists of the gallbladder, the left kidney, part of the liver, and the ascending colon. Left Lumbar The left lumbar region consists of the descending colon, the left kidney, and part of the spleen. Umbilical The umbilical region contains the umbilicus navel , and many parts of the small intestine, such as part of the duodenum, the jejunum, and the illeum. Right Iliac The right iliac region contains the appendix, cecum, and the right iliac fossa.
Left Iliac The left illiac region contains part of the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and the left illiac fossa. Hypogastric The hypogastric region below the stomach contains the organs around the pubic bone. Authored by : Boundless.
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